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GLOSSARY
-a-
Absolute Pressure
(Psia). Pressure measure with respect to zero pressure. Absolute pressure is one atmosphere
greater than gage pressure (psig). For example, 30 psig equals 44.7 psia.
Adapter.
A fitting or device used to change from one type or size of connection to another.
Air Test.
A method used to test a pipeline or terminal when a water or fuel test is not possible or desirable. The line is
sectionalized by block valves and tested in lengths that depend upon the capacity of available compressors. The
air/vapor mixture could create a hazardous condition in lines that have been used for volatile products.
ANSI. American National Standards Institute Atmospheric Pressure. 1. The pressure of the atmosphere. 2. As a
standard, the atmospheric pressure at sea level is a mercury barometer reading of 760 milliliters or 29.92 inches
(equivalent to approximately 14.7 pounds per square inch).
-b-
Ball Valve. A valve in which the line closing part is a revolving ball with an opening drilled through it, allowing the
passage of liquid when the opening is aligned with the pipe bore. Ball valves are quick acting requiring only 1/4
turn to actuate.
Barrel (Bbl).
A common unit of measurement of liquids in the petroleum industry. A barrel equals 42 US gallons.
Batch.
A quantity of product pumped into a pipeline.
Batch Change.
Change or transition from one product to another in a pipeline, evidenced by a change in product color
or product gravity or both.
Berm.
An embankment or firewall erected around a storage tank to contain the product if tank leakage or rupture
should occur.
Bonding.
Electrically connecting units or containers before operations begin in order to equalize any static potential
that might exist and to provide a continuous path for any static potential that might be generated after operations
begin. (See Grounding.) Bottom Sediment and Water (BS&W). Amount of sediment and water measured in the
bottom of the tank. Also known as basic sediment and water.
Glossary 1
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