TM 10-4320-307-10 Cavitation Condition caused when engine speed is increased beyond point of maximum suction vacuum.  Cavitation is indicated by loud cracking noise in pump housing and is harmful to the pump unit. Combustion A chemical change, especially oxidation, accompanied by the production of heat and light.   A combustion engine functions by burning fuel to produce heat, i.e., energy. Component A part or a combination of parts that together accomplish a function. Compressed Air that is under pressure.  When the compressed air in a hose or pipe is allowed to escape Air (such as Air   when you use an air gun), the air moves very fast and is used to blow away dirt and chips for cleaning. Condensation   A liquid formed from a vapor.  Moisture carried in warm air will condense when it reaches a cold area, such as the surface of a fuel tank in subzero weather. Corrosion A gradual wearing away caused by chemical action.  Metals exposed to salt water are likely to corrode. Deteriorate A worsening of condition usually as a result of age or hostile environment, as opposed to mechanical damage. Distortion The bending, twisting, or any other dynamic change of a surface. Dunnage Padding or loose material placed in a shipping container to prevent damage to contents. Exhaust The gases that leave the engine through the tailpipe while the engine is running. Expendable An item that is not repairable and is discarded if damaged. Exposure Being in the presence of something, or in contact with something.  Skin is exposed to cleaning solvent when the solvent contacts the skin during cleaning operations. Filter A device that removes dirt from the air or a fluid. Flash Point The lowest temperature at which the vapors of a solvent will ignite and burn. Fluid A substance that can flow; that is, either a gas or a liquid. Frayed Something that has been worn away or unraveled, usually by rubbing. Gasket A seal or packing used between matched machine parts or around pipe joints to prevent the escape of gas or fluid. Goggles A device used to protect the eyes from dust, dirt, flying chips, etc. Immerse To completely cover by fluid. Inhalation The act of breathing in.  The breathing in or inhalation of carbon monoxide can cause illness or death. Initial The first or starting condition. Legible Capable of being read.  A legible nameplate can be read; an illegible plate cannot. Malfunction Occurs when a unit fails to operate normally. Manufacturer The company that makes an item or piece of equipment for sale. Materiel Equipment, apparatus, and supplies of an organization such as an army. Obstruction An obstacle. Pivot A short rod or shaft about which a related part rotates; the act of turning on or as if on a pivot. Port A threaded hole through which fluid may pass, or pressure may be measured.  Ports on the pump are used to connect hoses, and to measure pressure. Prime The act of introducing a liquid into a pump to increase the pump's ability to over come negative head pressure. Recommen- Suggestions for change; advice given usually to make an improvement. dations 1-3